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Whenever a discussion about the lack of interoperability between CBTC products from different suppliers takes place, it is only a matter of time before one of the following two points comes up: “What about New York?” and “What about Paris?”.

This is because people heard that New York and Paris both did something different. They did not plainly accept that CBTC products from global mainstream suppliers do not allow for interoperability. They tried to overcome this obstacle in their own bespoke way.

I want to leave New York aside for this article and concentrate on what happens in Paris. If you want to know more about New York, let the editor of this newsletter know, and I will write something about it in a future issue.

The case of Paris is interesting in that it did not aim for CBTC interoperability, but for CBTC interchangeability. The first time I heard about this I was confused. I thought that interchangeability would not only include interoperability but actually go beyond it. But as it turned out, this was a misinterpretation on my side.

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